CONDITION
Refractive Errors
These are visual imperfections that occur when the light passing through the various structures of the eye doesn't bend correctly to focus on the retina at the back of the eye, resulting in blurred or distorted vision. They can be attributed to various factors, including a family history of refractive errors, and the shape of the eye, particularly when the length of the eyeball and the curvature of the cornea play a significant role.
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The most common types of refractive errors include:​
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Myopia (Near-sightedness)
Myopia occurs when distant objects appear blurry while close objects are seen clearly. It happens when the eyeball is too long or the cornea is too steep, causing light to focus in front of the retina.
Hyperopia (Far-sightedness)
Hyperopia is the opposite of myopia. In this condition, close objects may appear blurry, while distant objects are seen more clearly. It occurs when the eyeball is too short or the cornea is too flat, causing light to focus behind the retina.
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Astigmatism
Astigmatism results from an irregularly shaped cornea or lens. This causes light to focus on multiple points on the retina, leading to distorted and blurred vision at all distances.
CONDITION
Refractive Errors
The first step in addressing refractive errors is a comprehensive eye examination by an optometrist or ophthalmologist. They will perform tests, including:
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Visual Acuity
Assessing your ability to see letters and objects at various distances.
Retinoscopy
Using a light to estimate your eyeglass prescription.
Refraction
Fine-tuning your eyeglass or contact lens prescription.
Keratometry
Measuring the curvature of your cornea.
Correction Methods
Eyeglasses
Eyeglasses are the simplest and most common way to correct refractive errors. They are available in various styles and materials to suit individual needs.
Contact Lenses
Contact lenses are another option, offering clear vision without the need for eyeglasses. They come in daily disposable, extended wear, and specialized options.
Refractive Surgery
Surgical procedures, like LASIK or PRK, reshape the cornea to correct refractive errors. These surgeries are suitable for individuals who want a more permanent solution.
TREATMENT
Laser Eye
Surgery
Laser Eye Surgery is a safe and effective procedure that can reduce or eliminate dependence on glasses or contact lenses. It is a popular choice for those seeking spectacle independence.
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What is Laser Eye Surgery?
Laser Eye Surgery is a surgical procedure that reshapes the cornea to improve vision. It typically involves the use of an excimer laser to etch a lens inside the cornea so that the need for an external lens (in glasses or contact lenses) is eliminated.
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Types of Laser Eye Surgery:
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LASIK (Laser-Assisted In Situ Keratomileusis)
LASIK is one of the most common types of Laser Eye Surgery. It involves creating a thin flap on the cornea, which is lifted to allow the laser to reshape the underlying tissue. The flap is then repositioned, eliminating the need for sutures.
PRK (Photorefractive Keratectomy)
PRK involves removing the outer layer of the cornea (the epithelium) before using the laser to reshape the cornea. The epithelium naturally regenerates in the days following the procedure.
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PresbyMAX®
PresbyMAX® is a special type of laser eye surgery that is designed to target presbyopia and reduce the dependence on reading glasses. It can be offered to patients who use distance glasses (for near-sightedness or far-sightednesses) or even people who have good distance vision without glasses but have started needing reading glasses
Benefits of Laser Eye Surgery
Reduced Dependence on Glasses and Contacts
Eyeglasses are the simplest and most common way to correct refractive errors. They are available in various styles and materials to suit individual needs.
Rapid Recovery
Recovery times are relatively short, with most patients experiencing improved vision within a few days.
Quick and Painless
Contact lenses are another option, offering clear vision without the need for eyeglasses. They come in daily disposable, extended wear, and specialized options.
Long-Lasting Results
Laser Eye Surgery provides lasting results, often reducing the need for glasses or contacts for years.
Suitability Criteria
Not everyone is a suitable candidate for Laser Eye Surgery. Ideal candidates typically:
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Have a stable prescription (your prescription has not changed significantly in the past year).
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Are at least 18 years old.
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Have healthy eyes without significant eye conditions or diseases.
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Are not pregnant or nursing.
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Have realistic expectations about the outcomes of the procedure.
Your consultant will evaluate your specific needs and determine if you are a good candidate for Laser Eye Surgery.
Post-Operative Care
After surgery, you will receive instructions for eye drops and care. Most patients experience improved vision within a few days, with complete stabilization over several weeks.
The Procedure
The Laser Eye Surgery procedure is typically performed on a day case basis. Here is an overview of what to expect:
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Anesthetic eye drops are used to numb the eye, ensuring your comfort during the procedure.
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A specialized laser is used to reshape the cornea, correcting your vision.
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The process is usually quick and painless, with minimal discomfort.
Potential Side Effects
While Laser Eye Surgery is generally safe and effective, there can be temporary side effects, such as dry eyes, glare, or halos around lights, especially in low-light conditions. These symptoms typically diminish as your eyes adapt to the correction. Other rare complications that can occur, and these will be discussed at your pre-operative consultation.